Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, a massive touring show consisting of hundreds of human performers and just as many animals, ran alongside the 1889 Exposition Universelle and toured the world in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. An extraordinary spectacle, “Buffalo Bill” Cody’s show drew on a stereotypical “Cowboys and Indians” story already familiar to the French. The show perpetuated a settler view of conquest over the Indigenous peoples of the American West: its overarching message justified the triumph of the “civilized” settlers over the “primitive” Native people, a dynamic replayed in Western films throughout the twentieth century.